1  Overview
=TITLE Overview
=TITLE Overview of the Calculator
=INCLUDE Overview Entering_keybo kbspec_func_keys
=INCLUDE Overview Entering_keybo mem_func_keys
=KEYWORD Overview
 Calculator performs arithmetic functions including
 addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
 Calculator also calculates percentages and square
 roots, performs trigonometric and inverse trigonometric
 functions, and determines logarithmic calculations.

 Unlike handheld calculators, the online calculator has
 two displays. The top display is the accumulator and
 the bottom display is the memory.

 Enter data by moving the pointer to a button in the
 Calculator display and clicking MB1 on or by typing at
 the keyboard. If you type at the keyboard, you can use
 the number keys on the keyboard or the number keys on
 the keypad.

 For information about using the Calculator, double
 click on an item from the list of additional topics
 below.

 For information about using help, choose Help from the
 Help menu above.

2  DECBasics
=TITLE DECBasics
=TITLE DECwindows Basics
=INCLUDE Overview
=KEYWORD Basics
 Information about using DECwindows, such as how to use
 windows, dialog boxes, and scroll bars, is available
 from Session Manager help. A glossary of DECwindows
 terms is also available. To get Session Manager help:

 1. Move the pointer to the Session Manager icon (the
    icon with your user name and the name of your
    system) in the Icon Box.

 2. Press mouse button 1 (MB1) twice quickly to display
    the Session Manager window.

 3. Move the pointer to the Help menu; press and hold
    MB1 to pull down this menu.

 4. Move the pointer to the Overview menu item and
    release MB1 to display information about using
    DECwindows.

2  Entering_keybo
=TITLE Entering_keybo
=TITLE Entering Data from the Keyboard
=INCLUDE overview performing_arith
=INCLUDE overview square_roots
=INCLUDE overview percentages
=INCLUDE overview clear_display
=INCLUDE overview using_memory
=INCLUDE overview undoing
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_from
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_to
=INCLUDE overview Ending
=INCLUDE overview menus
=INCLUDE Overview Entering_keybo kbspec_func_keys
=INCLUDE Overview Entering_keybo mem_func_keys
=KEYWORD Entering Keyboard
 You can enter data by clicking MB1 on the Calculator
 display buttons or by typing at the keyboard.

 The Calculator display is divided into three general
 display areas: general functions, special functions,
 and memory functions.

 The following table indicates the keyboard keys that
 correspond to the Calculator general function display
 buttons.

 Display
 Button        Keyboard Key

 0 to 9        Same key on the keyboard

 +,-,*,/,.,%   Same key on the keyboard

 =             Return, Do, or = keys on the keyboard

 C             F1 or C keys

 CE            F2 or E keys

 +/-           N key

 For information about the special and memory functions,
 double click on an item from the list of additional
 topics below.

3  Kbspec_func_keys
=TITLE Kbspec_func_keys
=TITLE Keyboard Special Function Keys
=INCLUDE Overview Entering_keybo mem_func_keys
=KEYWORD Functions
 The following table indicates the keyboard keys that
 correspond to the Calculator special function display
 buttons.

 Display
 Button        Keyboard Key

 deg           F11 or D keys

 rad           F11 or D keys

 grad          F11 or D keys

 x!            F12 or ! keys

 1/x           F13 or ~ keys

 Rnd           F14 or R keys

 Inv           F3 or I keys

 sin           F4 or S keys

 cos           F5 or O keys

 tan           F6 or T keys

 log           F7 key, or L key followed by the O key

 ln            F8 key, or L key followed by the N key

 Square Root   F9 or Q keys

 Y^x           F10 or ^ keys

 PI            P key

3  mem_func_keys
=TITLE mem_func_keys
=TITLE Keyboard Memory Function Keys
=INCLUDE Overview Entering_keybo kbspec_func_keys
=KEYWORD Memory Functions
 The following table indicates the keyboard keys that
 correspond to the Calculator memory function display
 buttons.

 Display
 Button        Keyboard Key

 MC            F17 key, or M key followed by the C key

 MR            F18 key, or M key followed by the R key

 M+            F19 key, or M key followed by the + key

 M-            F20 key, or M key followed by the - key

2  Entering_Keypd
=TITLE Entering_Keypd
=TITLE Entering Data from the Keypad
=INCLUDE overview performing_arith
=INCLUDE overview square_roots
=INCLUDE overview percentages
=INCLUDE overview clear_display
=INCLUDE overview using_memory
=INCLUDE overview undoing
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_from
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_to
=INCLUDE overview Ending
=INCLUDE overview menus
=KEYWORD Entering Keypad Keys
 You can enter data by clicking MB1 on the Calculator
 display buttons or by typing at the keypad.

 The following table indicates the keypad keys that
 correspond to the Calculator display buttons.

 Display
 Button        Keypad Key

 0 to 9        Same key on the keypad

 +             ,

 -             -

 =             Enter

 .             .

 *             PF1

 /             PF2

 +/-           PF3

 %             PF4

2  Special_func
=TITLE Special_func
=TITLE Performing Special Functions
=INCLUDE overview performing_arith
=INCLUDE overview square_roots
=INCLUDE overview percentages
=INCLUDE overview clear_display
=INCLUDE overview using_memory
=INCLUDE overview undoing
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_from
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_to
=INCLUDE overview Ending
=INCLUDE overview menus
=INCLUDE Overview Entering_keybo kbspec_func_keys
=INCLUDE Overview Entering_keybo mem_func_keys
=KEYWORD Keypad Keys Functions
 Calculator performs special functions including
 trigonometric and inverse trigonometric functions.
 The special functions keys are as follows:

 Key    Description

 deg    Degree key. Selects the units for angular
        measurement. By default, Calculator is in the
        degree mode. Clicking on the <deg> key once
        places Calculator in the radian mode, which is
        indicated by the key label changing to "rad."
        Clicking on the key again places Calculator
        in gradian mode, which is indicated by the key
        label changing to "grad." The angular mode has
        no effect on Calculator unless the trigonometric
        functions are being used.

 x!     Factorial key. Calculates the factorial
        (x)(x- 1)(x -2)...(1) of the value x in the
        display for integers.

 1/x    Reciprocal key. Divides the displayed value x
        into 1. for x!=0.

 Rnd    Random number generator key. Generates a random
        number between 1 and the integer of the display.
        It does not generate negative numbers or numbers
        less than 1.

 Inv    Inversion key. By default, Calculator performs
        noninverted trigonometric functions. When you
        activate the inversion key by clicking on
        it (which is indicated by the key becoming
        darkened), Calculator performs inverted
        trigonometric functions.

 sin    Sine key. Instructs Calculator to find the sine
        of the displayed value.

 cos    Cosine key. Instructs Calculator to find the
        cosine of the displayed value.

 tan    Instructs Calculator to find the tangent of the
        displayed value.

 log    Common logarithm key. Calculates the common
        logarithm (base 10) of the number x in the
        display for x > 0.

 ln     Natural logarithm key. Calculates the natural
        logarithm (base e) of the number x in the
        display for x > 0.

 square Square root key. Calculates the square root of
 root   the number x in the display. The x value cannot
        be negative.

 y^x    y to the xth power key. Raises the displayed
        value y to the xth power. Order of entry is y
        <y^x> x. The y value cannot be negative, but
        both x and y can be fractional.

2  Performing_Arith
=TITLE Performing_Arith
=TITLE Performing Arithmetic Functions
=INCLUDE overview entering_keybo
=INCLUDE overview square_roots
=INCLUDE overview percentages
=INCLUDE overview clear_display
=INCLUDE overview using_memory
=INCLUDE overview undoing
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_from
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_to
=INCLUDE overview Ending
=INCLUDE overview menus
=KEYWORD Functions Addition Multiplication Subtraction Division
 Perform arithmetic functions on the Calculator just as
 you would on a handheld calculator:

 1. Enter the first operand. It appears in the
    accumulator.

 2. Enter the function you want to perform. The
    functions are addition (+), subtraction (-),
    multiplication (*), and division (/).

 3. Enter the second operand. It appears in the
    accumulator.

 4. Enter the equal sign (=). The result appears in the
    accumulator.

2  square_roots
=TITLE square_roots
=TITLE Calculating Square Roots
=INCLUDE overview entering_keybo
=INCLUDE overview performing_arith
=INCLUDE overview percentages
=INCLUDE overview clear_display
=INCLUDE overview using_memory
=INCLUDE overview undoing
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_from
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_to
=INCLUDE overview Ending
=INCLUDE overview menus
=KEYWORD Square_Root
 To calculate the square root of a number, enter the
 number and click on the square root button.

2  percentages
=TITLE percentages
=TITLE Calculating Percentages
=INCLUDE overview entering_keybo
=INCLUDE overview performing_arith
=INCLUDE overview square_roots
=INCLUDE overview clear_display
=INCLUDE overview using_memory
=INCLUDE overview undoing
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_from
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_to
=INCLUDE overview Ending
=INCLUDE overview menus
=KEYWORD Percentage
 Use the multiplication (*) function and the percentage
 (%) function to calculate percentages. For example, to
 determine the number that is 45 percent of 250, follow
 these steps:

 1. Enter 250. The number 250 appears in the
    accumulator.

 2. Enter *.

 3. Enter 45. The number 45 appears in the accumulator.

 4. Enter %. The result, 112.5, appears in the
    accumulator.

2  clear_display
=TITLE clear_display
=TITLE Clearing the Displays
=INCLUDE overview entering_keybo
=INCLUDE overview performing_arith
=INCLUDE overview square_roots
=INCLUDE overview percentages
=INCLUDE overview using_memory
=INCLUDE overview undoing
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_from
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_to
=INCLUDE overview Ending
=INCLUDE overview menus
=KEYWORD Clearing Erasing
 The following table explains the buttons that clear the
 displays:

 Button  Function

 C       Clears the accumulator display

 CE      Clears the last operand entered in the
         accumulator display

 MC      Clears the memory display

 If you have not pressed a function key, use the Delete
 key to erase one digit at a time in the accumulator,
 beginning with the last digit you entered.

2  Using_Memory
=TITLE Using_Memory
=TITLE Using Memory
=INCLUDE overview entering_keybo
=INCLUDE overview performing_arith
=INCLUDE overview square_roots
=INCLUDE overview percentages
=INCLUDE overview clear_display
=INCLUDE overview undoing
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_from
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_to
=INCLUDE overview Ending
=INCLUDE overview menus
=KEYWORD Memory
 Use the memory display to store a number that you will
 use more than once in your calculations. Recall the
 number from memory when you need to use it again.

 The following table explains the memory buttons:

     Memory Button        Function
     -------------        --------
          M+              Adds the contents of the
                          accumulator to memory

          M-              Subtracts the contents of the
                          accumulator from memory

          MR              Recalls data from memory and
                          places it in the accumulator

          MC              Clears the memory display

2  Undoing
=TITLE Undoing
=TITLE Undoing the Most Recently Performed Function
=INCLUDE overview entering_keybo
=INCLUDE overview performing_arith
=INCLUDE overview square_roots
=INCLUDE overview percentages
=INCLUDE overview clear_display
=INCLUDE overview using_memory
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_from
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_to
=INCLUDE overview Ending
=INCLUDE overview menus
=KEYWORD Undoing
 Choose Undo from the Edit menu to cancel the most
 recently performed keystroke or operation. If you
 choose Undo again before entering new data, Calculator
 performs the function that you previously canceled.

 For example, if you just entered the equal sign (=),
 choosing Undo removes the result from the accumulator
 and places the last operand you entered into the
 accumulator. If you choose Undo again, the calculator
 performs the operation again and places the result in
 the accumulator.

2  Copying_Number_from
=TITLE Copying_Number_from
=TITLE Copying Numbers from Other Applications
=INCLUDE overview entering_keybo
=INCLUDE overview performing_arith
=INCLUDE overview square_roots
=INCLUDE overview percentages
=INCLUDE overview clear_display
=INCLUDE overview using_memory
=INCLUDE overview undoing
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_to
=INCLUDE overview Ending
=INCLUDE overview menus
=KEYWORD Copying
 You can copy a number from another application and
 paste it into Calculator's accumulator.

 To copy a number from another application and to
 display the result of the number in the accumulator:

 1. Select the number to copy.

 2. Choose Copy from the application's Edit menu to copy
    the highlighted information.

 3. Choose Paste from the Edit menu of the calculator to
    enter the result of the number to the accumulator.

2  Copying_Equation_from
=TITLE Copying_Equation_from
=TITLE Copying Equations from Other Applications
=INCLUDE overview entering_keybo
=INCLUDE overview performing_arith
=INCLUDE overview square_roots
=INCLUDE overview percentages
=INCLUDE overview clear_display
=INCLUDE overview using_memory
=INCLUDE overview undoing
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_to
=INCLUDE overview Ending
=INCLUDE overview menus
=KEYWORD Copying
 You can copy an equation, if it contains no variables,
 from another application and paste the answer into
 Calculator's accumulator.

 To copy an equation from another application and to
 display the result of the equation in the accumulator:

 1. Select the equation to copy.

 2. Choose Copy from the application's Edit menu to copy
    the highlighted information.

 3. Choose Paste from the Edit menu of the calculator to
    enter the result of the equation to the accumulator.

2  Copying_Number_To
=TITLE Copying_Number_To
=TITLE Copying Numbers to Other Applications
=INCLUDE overview entering_keybo
=INCLUDE overview performing_arith
=INCLUDE overview square_roots
=INCLUDE overview percentages
=INCLUDE overview clear_display
=INCLUDE overview using_memory
=INCLUDE overview undoing
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_from
=INCLUDE overview Ending
=INCLUDE overview menus
=KEYWORD Copying
 You can copy a number from Calculator's accumulator or
 memory to another application as follows:

 1. Click on either the accumulator or memory to
    highlight the number.

 2. Choose Copy from the Edit menu to copy the
    highlighted number. You can paste the number in
    another application window.

2  Ending
=TITLE Ending
=TITLE Quiting a Calculator Session
=INCLUDE overview entering_keybo
=INCLUDE overview performing_arith
=INCLUDE overview square_roots
=INCLUDE overview percentages
=INCLUDE overview clear_display
=INCLUDE overview using_memory
=INCLUDE overview undoing
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_from
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_to
=INCLUDE overview copying_equation_from
=INCLUDE overview menus
=KEYWORD Quiting
 To end a calculator session, choose Quit from the File
 menu.

2  Menus
=TITLE Menus
=TITLE Calculator Menus
=KEYWORD Menus
 Calculator contains the following three menus:

 -  File

 -  Edit

 -  Help

3  File_menu
=TITLE File_menu
=TITLE The File Menu
=INCLUDE overview menus edit_menu
=INCLUDE overview menus help_menu
=INCLUDE overview Ending
=KEYWORD Menus
 The File menu contains the following menu items:

 -  Save Geometry

 -  Use System Defaults

 -  Quit

4  file_saveset
=TITLE file_saveset
=TITLE Save Geometry
=KEYWORD Saving
 Choose Save Geometry when you make changes to the
 Calculator display and you want to save the new
 settings permanently.

4  file_restset
=TITLE file_restset
=TITLE Use System Defaults
=KEYWORD Restoring Defaults
 Choose Use System Defaults when you want to restore the
 DECwindows Calculator default display setttings. Any
 previous changes you made will no longer take effect.

4  file_quit
=TITLE file_quit
=TITLE Quit
=KEYWORD Quiting
 Choose Quit to end a calculator session.

3  edit_menu
=TITLE edit_menu
=TITLE The Edit Menu
=INCLUDE overview menus file_menu
=INCLUDE overview menus help_menu
=INCLUDE overview undoing
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_from
=INCLUDE overview copying_number_to
=KEYWORD Editing
 The Edit menu allows you to undo Calculator operations,
 copy numbers from the calculator to other applications,
 and paste numbers or equations that have no variables
 from other applications into the calculator's
 accumulator. The Edit menu contains the following menu
 items:

 -  Undo

 -  Copy

 -  Paste

4  undo
=TITLE undo
=TITLE Undo
=KEYWORD Undoing
 Choose Undo to cancel the most recently performed
 function. If you choose Undo again before entering
 new data, Calculator performs the function that you
 previously canceled.

 For example, if you just entered the equal sign (=),
 choosing Undo removes the result from the accumulator
 and places the last operand you entered into the
 accumulator. If you choose Undo again, the calculator
 performs the addition again and places the result in
 the accumulator.

4  copy
=TITLE copy
=TITLE Copy
=KEYWORD Copying
 Choose Copy to copy a number from Calculator's
 accumulator or memory to another application, as
 follows:

 1. Click on either the accumulator or memory to
    highlight the number.

 2. Choose Copy from the Edit menu to copy the
    highlighted number. You can paste the number in
    another application window.

4  paste
=TITLE paste
=TITLE Paste
=KEYWORD Pasting
 Choose Paste to paste a number or an equation that
 contains no variables from another application into
 Calculator's accumulator. To copy an equation or number
 from another application and to display the result of
 the equation or the number in the accumulator:

 1. Select the equation or number to copy.

 2. Choose Copy from the application's Edit menu to copy
    the highlighted information.

 3. Choose Paste to enter the result of the equation or
    the number to the accumulator.

3  help_menu
=TITLE help_menu
=TITLE The Help Menu
=INCLUDE Overview
=INCLUDE About
=INCLUDE overview menus edit_menu
=INCLUDE overview menus file_menu
=KEYWORD Menus
 The Help menu allows you to display help for
 Calculator. It contains two menu items, Overview and
 About.

4  Help_overview
=TITLE Help_overview
=TITLE Overview Menu Item
 Choose Overview to display the overview of Calculator
 and to access additional help for the calculator.

4  Help_about
=TITLE Help_about
=TITLE About Menu Item
 Choose About to display copyright information for
 Calculator.
